Conditional Sentence

WEEKEND PLANS

Christine and Margaret are friends. They are both busy because the work and study! But on Wednesday they meet for coffee.

"What are you going to do this weekend?" asks Margaret.
"Well, I have a big project to finish for my design class. But if I can finish it by Friday, I'll do something fun as a treat," says Christine.
"That sounds great!" replies Margaret. "I think the ballet is coming to town.If it isn't too expensive, I'm going to buy tickets. Would you like to come?"
"Well, I don't really like ballet very much. If you want to go to the ballet in the evening, let's do something in the morning," says Christine.
"All right. If you have the energy, let's go swimming!" suggests Margaret.
"That sounds great! If I don't call you on Friday, send me an email at work," agrees Christine. "And if I don't answer, call me again. And if I don't pick up… oh, let's just make plans now! I'm too busy to plan later!"

source: http://www.really-learn-english.com/english-short-stories-english-conditionals-2.html

Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentence adalah complex sentence (kalimat majemuk) yang dibentuk dari subordinate clause yang diawali dengan subordinate conjunction if berupa condition (syarat) dan main clause berupa result/consequence (hasil).

Ada 4 tipe conditional sentence yang biasa digunakan, yaitu: tipe 1, tipe 2, tipe 3, dan tipe 0. Condition pada conditional sentence tipe 1 mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 2 tidak atau hampir tidak mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 3 tidak mungkin dipenuhi (unreal), sedangkan tipe 0 selalu terwujud karena merupakan scientific fact/kebenaran ilmiah.

Rumus Conditional Sentence

Rumus umum
Secara umum, rumus kalimat pengandaian ini adalah sebagai berikut:

if + condition, result/consequence

atau tanpa tanda baca koma:

result/consequence + if + condition

Rumus Conditional Sentence berbagai tipe

Type	Rumus Conditional Sentence
0	if + simple present, simple present
1	if + simple present, will + bare infinitive
2	if + simple past, would/could/might + bare infinitive
3	if + past perfect, would/should/could/might have + past participle

Contoh Conditional Sentence

Berikut contoh conditional sentence pada berbagai tipe sesuai dengan rumus di atas.

Type	Contoh Conditional Sentence
0	If we burn paper, it becomes ash. (Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi abu.)
1	If I meet him, I will introduce myself. (Jika saya bertemu dia, saya akan memperkenalkan diri.)
2	If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day. (Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.)
3	If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party. (Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.)

Negatif if + condition

Rumus: if... not dapat digantikan dengan unless.

Contoh conditional sentence: if... not dan unless:

Dengan menggunakan rumus negatif if, contoh conditional sentence seperti di bawah ini:

• If the student do not understand, they will raise their hand to ask.
• Unless the students understand, the will raise their hand to ask.

source: http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-conditional-sentences

THE PASSIVE

Monster or Fish?

Fisherman and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish. Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but the are rarely caught out at sea. Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar. A small fishing-boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerfulfish as it pulled on the line. Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way. When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long. It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail. The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as the live at a depth of six hundred feet.

Source: Alexander,L.G.1975.Practice and Progress.Yogyakarta:Kanisius.